Encarceramento nefroesplênico de cólon ascendente esquerdo em equinos : revisão de literatura

Abstract

Colic syndrome in horses is characterized as pain of acute abdominal origin, which can originate from various diseases in abdominal organs, however, in the vast majority of cases, the origin of the pain is disorders in the gastrointestinal tract (GIT). Among these diseases of the GIT is the displacement of the left ascending colon and its incarceration over the nephrosplenic ligament. This displacement is characterized by the entrapment of the pelvic flexure in the nephrosplenic ligament, and the main predisposing factor for this to occur are the muscles themselves. anatomical characteristics of the region. This condition can lead to mild, moderate or severe pain, causing physical changes, mainly in heart rate, respiratory rate and intestinal motility pattern. Diagnostic methods for nephrosplenic incarceration include the association of findings on physical examination, transrectal palpation and transabdominal ultrasound examination. However, it is worth highlighting that, in certain cases, only the surgical procedure confirms the diagnosis. In the case of an established clinical diagnosis, the main drug therapy applied to these cases is the administration of epinephrine in the form of an infusion, in an attempt for this alpha-2 adrenergic agent to lead to splenic contraction, and the ascending colon to return to its normal anatomical position. . In some cases, this attempt at splenic contraction does not produce positive results, leaving the surgical procedure as the only treatment. The objective of this work is to address, through a literature review, the main aspects of the nephrosplenic entrapment in horses, through a clinical and surgical approach taking into account tells current literary data.