Torção de raiz do mesentério em equino isquemia e reperfusão: Revisão de literatura

Abstract

Mesenteric root torsion is a disease in which the mesentery root rotates. It can be explained by the large length of the horse's intestine, its anatomical positioning and variations in the intestinal lumen. It can even be correlated with the species' own intestinal anatomy and is characterized by the rapid formation of gases in the intestinal lumen (resulting from microorganisms present in the intestine and as a consequence of the ingestion of highly fermentable substances). Another important factor is the characteristic of its diet, with the fermentation process being an important part of its digestion, indirectly promoting the distension of intestinal loops. This condition can cause severe vascular impairment and lead to severe hypoxia, which can trigger cellular damage and consequent cell death and tissue necrosis. The tissue injury caused by torsion leads to compromise of the intestinal mucosa, favoring the inflammatory process and bacterial translocation, that is, favoring the migration of bacteria from the intestinal lumen to the circulation and even to the peritoneum, with the main complications being endotoxemia, Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome (SIRS) and sepsis. This study aims to conduct a survey of data from the literature on the effects of ischemia and intestinal reperfusion damage in the face of mesenteric root torsion in horses.