25° Encontro Acadêmico de Produção Científica do Curso de Medicina Veterinária (ENAVET)

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    A fisiologia do ciclo estral da fêmea canina: Revisão bibliográfica
    (Centro Universitário da Fundação de Ensino Octávio Bastos, 2024-10-09) CADETIO, Giovana Carneiro; CONCEIÇÃO, Juliana Costa Zuppi da
    Female dogs are monoestrous domestic non-seasonal species that do not depend on the season to ovulate and, therefore, their ovulation is spontaneous. The estrous cycle of female dogs is not something concrete, as each female dog has its own cycle and specific behavior in each reproductive phase. Puberty varies between six and 10 months in small dogs and eight to 24 months in large dogs. The reproductive cycle of female dogs is divided into four distinct stages: i) proestrus (lasting five to 20 days); ii) estrus (lasting four to 12 days); iii) diestrus (lasting 60 days); and iv) anestrus (lasting 120 to 240 days). Ovulation occurs in the face of a high dose of luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), and can last from 48 to 60 hours after the peaks of these hormones. Diagnosis of the phases of the estrous cycle is performed through complementary exams such as vaginal cytology, hormone level measurement (progesterone and estrogen), ultrasound and vaginoscopy. The behavior of the dog will depend on which phase of the reproductive cycle she is in, since each phase has a predisposing hormone that causes changes and modifications in her behavior and reproductive anatomy. In view of this, it is important to seek to improve more effective methods for diagnosing the different phases of the estrous cycle. This could include research and development of new diagnostic techniques that are more accurate, faster and accessible to veterinarians.
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    Hiperplasia endometrial cística em cadelas: Revisão bibliográfica
    (Centro Universitário da Fundação de Ensino Octávio Bastos, 2024-10-09) CADETIO, Giovana Carneiro; SANTOS, Débora Nogueira dos; CONCEIÇÂO, Juliana Costa Zuppi da
    Cystic endometrial hyperplasia, or more popularly known as pyometra, is one of the main reproductive disorders found in routine veterinary clinics, and is therefore the most common in female dogs. Pyometra refers to an inflammatory process in the uterus, which is caused by a hormonal influence associated with a bacterial infection with accumulation of purulent secretion. Symptoms range from mild, such as anorexia, apathy, to more severe signs, such as emesis, diarrhea, polyuria, and polydipsia due to lesions in the renal parenchyma by previously formed immune complexes. The patient may possibly die. Pyometra can manifest itself in two forms: open (open cervix) or closed (closed cervix), with the closed form being the most dangerous. Diagnosis is made through clinical signs, patient history, and additional tests, such as laboratory tests, ultrasounds, and radiographs. Treatment should be emergency due to the risk of progression to sepsis. In view of this, the most indicated treatment is surgical procedure, ovariohysterectomy, however, in some cases clinical treatment with the use of medication may be chosen, especially in breeding females. The prognosis depends on the clinical case and the patient's recovery, but is considered poor to poor. In view of this, it is important to analyze the different methods of diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of pyometra in female dogs, aiming to provide relevant information for an effective and improved approach to this clinical condition in veterinary settings.